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The NAME atmospheric pollution dispersion model 〔(''Air Quality Programme and Progress'' ), Met Office Scientific Advisory Committee (MOSAC), November 11–12, 2004〕〔(Met Office "Specialised forecasts" )〕〔(Met Office "NWP Gazette" ), 3rd Quarter, 1996〕〔(Met Office "NWP Gazette" ), December 2000〕 was first developed by the UK's Met Office in 1986 after the nuclear accident at Chernobyl, which demonstrated the need for a method that could predict the spread and deposition of radioactive gases or material released into the atmosphere. The acronym, NAME, originally stood for the ''Nuclear Accident ModEl''. The Met Office has revised and upgraded the model over the years and it is now used as a general purpose dispersion model. The current version is known as the NAME III (''Numerical Atmospheric dispersion Modeling Environment'') model. NAME III is currently operational and it will probably completely replace the original NAME model sometimes in 2006. ==Features and capabilities of NAME== NAME (in its current NAME III version) is a Lagrangian air pollution dispersion model for short range to global range scales. It employs 3-dimensional meteorological data provided by the Met Office's ''Unified National Weather Prediction Model''. Random walk techniques using empirical turbulence profiles are utilized to represent turbulent mixing. In essence, NAME follows the 3-dimensional trajectories of parcels of the pollution plume and computes pollutant concentrations by Monte Carlo methods — that is, by direct simulation rather than solving equations.〔 NAME uses a puff technique when modelling dispersion over a short range which shortens the time needed to compute the pollutant concentrations at the receptors. The model has the capability to calculate: the rise of buoyant plumes; deposition of pollution plume components due to rainfall (i.e., wet deposition); dry deposition; plume chemistry focusing on sulphate and nitrate chemistry; plume depletion via the decay of radioactive materials; the downwash effects of buildings.〔〔 The model can also be run 'backwards' to generate maps that locate possible plume originating sources. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「NAME (dispersion model)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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